Learn
Learn the metric, then watch it grade a real company.
The tables below are generated, not written: the grading panels come from the grader’s own constants, and the company panels from AAPL’s filings and a live quote. If the engine changes, this page changes with it.
What each letter means
The engine scores seven categories out of 100, weights them, and converts the total to a letter. These are the bands it actually uses — read from the same table that grades every note on the site.
| Grade | Score range | Position on the 0 to 100 line |
|---|---|---|
| A | 90-100 | |
| B | 80-89 | |
| C | 70-79 | |
| D | 60-69 | |
| F | 0-59 |
A grade is a summary, not a recommendation. Two companies on the same score can deserve very different decisions, which is why every note carries a written verdict as well as a letter.
What each pillar is worth
The largest single weight is financial health at 23%, so no one number can sink a company on its own — and none can carry it.
| Category | Share of the final score | Share of score |
|---|---|---|
| Financial health | 23% | |
| Growth & momentum | 22% | |
| Valuation | 18% | |
| Technical | 15% | |
| Risk | 12% | |
| Analyst view | 10% | |
| ESG | 0% |
Where a dollar of AAPL’s revenue goes
Read top to bottom. Each line is what survives after the costs above it. The gap between gross and operating profit is research, sales and admin; the gap between operating and net is interest and tax.
| Line | Share of revenue | Share of revenue | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 100.0% | $364.36B | |
| Gross profit | 49.1% | $178.78B | |
| Operating income | 33.6% | $122.43B | |
| Net income | 27.8% | $101.46B |
AAPL keeps 27.8% of every dollar it sells. Source: 10-Q for the period ending 2026-06-27, as filed with the SEC.
What you could earn without owning a share
Flip a price/earnings ratio upside down and you get an earnings yield — the profit the business makes per dollar you pay. Compare that with a government bond, which carries almost no risk of loss.
| What you hold | Yield | Annual yield | Risk of loss |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-year US Treasury | 4.66% | Effectively none | |
| AAPL earnings yield | 2.21% | Full loss possible |
The bond pays 4.66% for taking almost no risk; AAPL earns 2.21% on what you would pay today — a shortfall of 2.45 points. You are accepting a lower current return in exchange for growth that has to arrive. Whether that trade is right is your call, not the model's.
Ask the assistant
Ask what a metric means, how a grade was reached, or what a line on a research note is telling you. It will not tell you what to buy.
Try “what is a P/E ratio?” or “why does debt matter?”
Educational only. Nothing here is financial advice, and the assistant has no view on whether you should own anything.
Glossary
The terms the notes use, grouped the way the scorecard groups them — so P/E sits beside P/B, and beta beside the Sharpe ratio. Each links to a fuller explanation with worked examples.
Valuation · 5
- Dividend Yield
- Annual dividends per share divided by stock price.
- EPS (Earnings Per Share)
- A company's profit divided by its outstanding shares.
- Market Cap (Market Capitalization)
- The total market value of a company's outstanding shares.
- P/E Ratio (Price-to-Earnings Ratio)
- A valuation metric comparing a company's stock price to its earnings per share.
- PBV Ratio (Price-to-Book Value)
- Share price against the accounting value of a company's net assets — most useful for banks and asset-heavy businesses.
Financial health · 2
- Debt-to-Equity Ratio
- How much a company has borrowed relative to shareholder capital — the standard gauge of financial risk.
- ROE (Return on Equity)
- How much profit a company generates from each unit of shareholder capital — the headline test of whether a business compounds.
Technical · 2
- MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence)
- A momentum indicator built from two moving averages, used to spot when a trend is gathering or losing strength.
- RSI (Relative Strength Index)
- A momentum oscillator measuring speed and magnitude of price changes.
Risk · 2
- Beta
- How much a share moves relative to the wider market — the standard measure of a stock's exposure to market-wide swings.
- Sharpe Ratio
- Return earned per unit of risk taken — the standard way to compare investments with different volatility.
Guides
Longer reads, each a real page with its own URL.