TGT

Of every 100 units of revenue, this much survives as profit.

Thin margins leave little room for a bad year — typical of retail and airlines.

Profit from operations, before interest and tax, per 100 of revenue.

Little cushion between operating costs and revenue.

What is left of revenue after only the direct cost of the product.

A conventional manufacturing or mixed-model range.

Profit generated per unit of shareholder capital.

Rare when sustained — check whether debt is flattering it, since borrowing shrinks the equity denominator.

Profit generated per unit of everything the company owns.

The assets are working hard.

Borrowings measured against shareholder capital.

Normal for most established companies.

Short-term assets against short-term obligations.

Below 1 the company owes more within a year than it holds — workable if customers pay up front, risky otherwise.

Short-term assets excluding inventory, against short-term debts.

Very little liquid cover if receipts slow down.

Change in revenue against the same period last year.

A healthy expansion rate.

Change in earnings against the same period last year.

Check whether it is repeatable or a one-off — a single asset sale can flatter this badly.

The share of earnings paid out as dividends.

Most of the profit goes out of the door, leaving less to reinvest.

Return earned per unit of risk taken.

The risk taken has not been rewarded over this period.

The share of trading days that closed higher.

Close to a coin flip, which is the norm — returns come from the size of moves, not their count.

You pay 16.98 for every 1 unit of annual earnings.

Roughly the long-run market average band.

Price against next year's *forecast* earnings.

A conventional range.

P/E divided by the growth rate — it asks whether the price is justified by the growth.

Above 2 you pay more per unit of growth than the convention treats as reasonable.

Price against the accounting value of the company's net assets.

Normal for asset-light businesses, where the value sits in brands and software the balance sheet never records.

Price against revenue — usable when a company has no profit yet.

You pay less than a unit of price per unit of sales.

Whole-company value, debt included, against cash earnings.

A conventional range.

Annual dividend as a percentage of the share price.

A substantial part of the total return arrives as income.

A 0–100 momentum gauge over the last 14 sessions.

The middle band, where most trading days sit.

Trend strength, regardless of direction.

Above 25 is conventionally read as a genuine trend in force.

How far the price typically swings over a year.

A typical range for an individual share.

How much the price moves relative to the wider market.

Moves roughly in step with the index.

The worst peak-to-trough fall in the period measured.

A fall this deep needs roughly a doubling to recover.

How far the mean analyst target sits above today's price.

Analysts' average target is under the current price.