CVX

Of every 100 units of revenue, this much survives as profit.

A comfortable buffer between revenue and costs.

Profit from operations, before interest and tax, per 100 of revenue.

The operations themselves are comfortably profitable.

What is left of revenue after only the direct cost of the product.

A conventional manufacturing or mixed-model range.

Profit generated per unit of shareholder capital.

Above 15% is generally considered a good business.

Profit generated per unit of everything the company owns.

The assets are working hard.

Borrowings measured against shareholder capital.

Comfortably financed.

Short-term assets against short-term obligations.

Enough to cover near-term bills.

Short-term assets excluding inventory, against short-term debts.

Near-term obligations are roughly covered without selling inventory.

Change in revenue against the same period last year.

Rapid growth, though the question is always how long it can hold.

Change in earnings against the same period last year.

Check whether it is repeatable or a one-off — a single asset sale can flatter this badly.

The share of earnings paid out as dividends.

Most of the profit goes out of the door, leaving less to reinvest.

Return earned per unit of risk taken.

Below 1 is the common case; return did not strongly outpace the volatility.

The share of trading days that closed higher.

More up days than most shares manage.

You pay 20.40 for every 1 unit of annual earnings.

Roughly the long-run market average band.

Price against next year's *forecast* earnings.

The market expects little growth, or doubts the forecast.

P/E divided by the growth rate — it asks whether the price is justified by the growth.

Under 1 is the classic Peter Lynch marker for growth you are not paying full price for.

Price against the accounting value of the company's net assets.

A typical range for an established company.

Price against revenue — usable when a company has no profit yet.

A common range for a profitable, growing business.

Whole-company value, debt included, against cash earnings.

A conventional range.

Annual dividend as a percentage of the share price.

A substantial part of the total return arrives as income.

A 0–100 momentum gauge over the last 14 sessions.

The middle band, where most trading days sit.

Trend strength, regardless of direction.

Below about 20 the price is ranging rather than trending.

How far the price typically swings over a year.

A typical range for an individual share.

How much the price moves relative to the wider market.

Tends to move less than the index, in both directions.

The worst peak-to-trough fall in the period measured.

No catastrophic fall in this window.

How far the mean analyst target sits above today's price.

Little headroom to the consensus target.