CMCSA

Of every 100 units of revenue, this much survives as profit.

A comfortable buffer between revenue and costs.

Profit from operations, before interest and tax, per 100 of revenue.

The operations themselves are comfortably profitable.

What is left of revenue after only the direct cost of the product.

Little marginal cost per sale, which is what lets software and pharma fund heavy R&D.

Profit generated per unit of shareholder capital.

Above 15% is generally considered a good business.

Profit generated per unit of everything the company owns.

Common in asset-heavy industries such as utilities, telecoms and airlines.

Borrowings measured against shareholder capital.

Normal for most established companies.

Short-term assets against short-term obligations.

Below 1 the company owes more within a year than it holds — workable if customers pay up front, risky otherwise.

Short-term assets excluding inventory, against short-term debts.

Near-term obligations are roughly covered without selling inventory.

Change in revenue against the same period last year.

Revenue is falling, which puts every margin under pressure.

Change in earnings against the same period last year.

Profit is declining even if revenue is not.

The share of earnings paid out as dividends.

Most of the profit goes out of the door, leaving less to reinvest.

Return earned per unit of risk taken.

The risk taken has not been rewarded over this period.

The share of trading days that closed higher.

Close to a coin flip, which is the norm — returns come from the size of moves, not their count.

You pay 8.68 for every 1 unit of annual earnings.

Below about 10 is cheap on earnings — usually a sign the market expects trouble, so it is a question to answer rather than a bargain to grab.

Price against next year's *forecast* earnings.

The market expects little growth, or doubts the forecast.

P/E divided by the growth rate — it asks whether the price is justified by the growth.

Above 2 you pay more per unit of growth than the convention treats as reasonable.

Price against the accounting value of the company's net assets.

A typical range for an established company.

Price against revenue — usable when a company has no profit yet.

You pay less than a unit of price per unit of sales.

Whole-company value, debt included, against cash earnings.

Cheap on cash earnings — the figure buyers of whole companies watch most.

Annual dividend as a percentage of the share price.

A substantial part of the total return arrives as income.

A 0–100 momentum gauge over the last 14 sessions.

The middle band, where most trading days sit.

Trend strength, regardless of direction.

Above 25 is conventionally read as a genuine trend in force.

How far the price typically swings over a year.

A typical range for an individual share.

How much the price moves relative to the wider market.

Tends to move less than the index, in both directions.

The worst peak-to-trough fall in the period measured.

A fall this deep needs roughly a doubling to recover.

How far the mean analyst target sits above today's price.

Analysts see real room above today's price.